Change of Some Soil Physical Properties in Newly Reclaimed Soils Following Poor Soil Management: A Case Study in Al-Qasasin, Egypt
Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,
Page 41-53
DOI:
10.9734/ajsspn/2022/v8i3161
Abstract
Background: In newly reclaimed areas, some improper farming practices like using heavy machines in tillage, adding excessive quantity of fertilizers, irrigation by flooding method and intensity cultivation could affect the soil physical properties.
Objective: Therefore, eighty soil samples were collected from the twenty-seven profiles to evaluate the change of soils' physical properties at four locations (A, B, C and D) after different improper soil managements.
Methods: The study area is located in Al-Qasasin, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt northern tip of it extended between latitudes 30° 33' 1.147" N and 30° 28' 16.096" N, and longitudes 32° 4' 12.984" E and 32° 4' 15.696" E, with total area of 144.25 km2 (34345.1 Feddan) which falls in the semi-arid zone. Profile depth, soil texture, total porosity (TP), bulk density (BD), hydraulic conductivity (HC) and infiltration rate (IR) were determined according to the standard procedures.
Results: According to the values of general mean of the studied properties in the four locations, BD takes the order: C>B>A>D. While the TP take the opposite trend of BD (D>A>B>C), on the other hand, both HC and IR follow the same order: C>A>B>D. These results attributed to that the locations B and D using surface flooding irrigation system, while A and C locations using sprinkler and drip irrigation systems, respectively. In addition to the intensive cultivation and the conventional tillage planting system are used in the B and D locations. Where the tillage tools like heavy plows, disks or chisels are used seasonally. While in A and C sites light tillage and orchards planting only are used commonly.
Conclusion: These findings should be considered in future research to improve the soil management programs in these examined areas particularly the fourth location that should stop flooding technique and terns to the drip or sprinkler method.
Keywords:
- Soil physical properties
- improper management
- plowing-irrigation
- intensive cultivation
- Al-Qasasin
How to Cite
References
DOI: 10.5194/se-7-341-2016
AbdelRahman MAE, Natarajan A, Hegde R. Assessment of land suitability and capability by integrating remote sensing and GIS for agriculture in Chamarajanagar district, Karnataka, India. Egypt J Remote Sens Space Sci. 2016;19(1):125-41.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrs.2016.02.001
Li Y, Pang H, Zhang H, Chen F. Effect of irrigation management on soil salinization in Manas River Valley, Xinjiang, China. Front Agric China. 2008;2(2):216-23.
DOI: 10.1007/s11703-008-0028-0
Xu X, Huang G, Sun C, Pereira LS, Ramos TB, Huang Q, et al. Assessing the effects of water table depth on water use, soil salinity and wheat yield: searching for a target depth for irrigated areas in the upper Yellow River Basin. Agric Water Manag. 2013;125:46-60.
DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.04.004
Amini S, Ghadiri H, Chen C, Marschner P. Salt-affected soils, reclamation, carbon dynamics, and biochar: a review. J Soils Sediments. 2016;16(3):939-53.
DOI: 10.1007/s11368-015-1293-1
Bronick CJ, Lal R. Soil structure and management: A review. Geoderma. 2005; 124(1-2):3-22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.03.005
Pahalvi HN, Rafiya L, Rashid S, Nisar B, Kamili AN. Chemical fertilizers and their impact on soil health. In: Microbiota and biofertilizers, springer, Cham. 2021;2:1-20.
Patial D, Sankhyan NK, Sharma RP, Dev P, Anjali. Assessing soil physical and chemical properties under long term fertilization after forty-eight years in North-Western Himalayas. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal. 2022;53(17):2257-70.
DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2022.2071436
Massah J, Azadegan B. Effect of chemical fertilizers on soil compaction and degradation. Agric Mech Asia Afr Lat Am. 2016;47(1):44-50.
Noor RS, Hussain F, Umair M. Evaluating selected soil physical properties under different soil tillage systems in arid southeast Rawalpindi, pakistan. J CleanWAS. 2020;4(2):56-60.
DOI: 10.26480/jcleanwas.02.2020.56.60
ESRI. Environmental Systems Research Institute. Copyright. 2017 Arc Map version 10.4.1 User Manual:92373 - 8100, USA. Printed in the United States of America.
Soil survey Manual. Soil science division staff. United States Department of Agriculture Handbook No. 18; 2017.
Gürsoy S. Soil compaction due to increased machinery intensity in agricultural production: its main causes, effects and management. Technol Agric. 2021;1-18.
Culman SW, Young-Mathews A, Hollander AD, Ferris H, Sánchez-Moreno S, O’Geen AT, et al. Biodiversity is associated with indicators of soil ecosystem functions over a landscape gradient of agricultural intensification. Landsc Ecol. 2010;25(9): 1333-48.
DOI: 10.1007/s10980-010-9511-0
Nawaz MF, Bourrié G, Trolard F. Soil compaction impact and modelling. A review. Agron Sustain Dev. 2013;33(2): 291-309.
DOI: 10.1007/s13593-011-0071-8
Botta GF, Becerra AT, Tourn FB. Effect of the number of tractor passes on soil rut depth and compaction in two tillage regimes. Soil Till Res. 2009;103(2):381-6.
DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2008.12.002
Suzuki LEAS, Reinert DJ, Alves MC, Reichert JM. Medium-term no-tillage, additional compaction, and chiseling as affecting clayey subtropical soil physical properties and yield of corn, soybean and wheat crops. Sustainability. 2022;14(15): 9717.
DOI: 10.3390/su14159717
Augustin K, Kuhwald M, Brunotte J, Duttmann R. FiTraM: A model for automated spatial analyses of wheel load, soil stress and wheel pass frequency at field scale. Bio Syst Eng. 2019;180:108-20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2019.01.019
Bianchini L, Alemanno R, Di Stefano V, Cecchini M, Colantoni A. Soil compaction in harvesting operations of Phalaris arundinacea L. Land. 2022;11(7):1031.
DOI: 10.3390/land11071031
Abdollahi L, Schjønning P, Elmholt S, Munkholm LJ. The effects of organic matter application and intensive tillage and traffic on soil structure formation and stability. Soil Till Res. 2014;136:28-37.
DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2013.09.011
Shah AN, Tanveer M, Shahzad B, Yang G, Fahad S, Ali S, et al. Soil compaction effects on soil health and crop productivity: an overview. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017;24(11):10056-67.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8421-y, PMID 28108925.
Burt R, editor. Soil survey laboratory methods Manual, soil survey investigations report No. 42. Version 4.0, USDA-NRCS. Lincoln, NE; 2004.
Klute A. Methods of soil analysis: Part I: Physical and mineralogical Methods. 2nd ed, Amer. Soc. Agron. Monograph No. 9. WI: Madison Book Company; 1986.
Klute A, Dirksen C. Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity: laboratory methods. In: Klute A, editor. Methods of soil analysis, Part 1. 2nd ed. Am Soc Agron Pub1 Madison. WI. 1986;687-734.
DOI: 10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c28
FAO. Guidelines for soil description.3rd (Ed).revised. Rome, Italy: Soil Resources, Management and Conservation Service, Land and Water Development Division; 1990.
Devkota M, Martius C, Gupta RK, Devkota KP, McDonald AJ, Lamers JPA. Managing soil salinity with permanent bed planting in irrigated production systems in Central Asia. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 2015;202: 90-7.
DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2014.12.006
ERDAS ”Earth Resources Data Analysis System”, Inc. ERDAS Imagine version 2015, Field Guide. 4th ed. ERDAS, Inc. Atlanta: ESRI "Environmental Systems Research Institute" (2017) Arc Map. Version 10.4.1 User Manual; 2015.
-
Abstract View: 128 times
PDF Download: 33 times
